The articles [22], [14], [25], [15], [1], [20], [3], [4], [16], [26], [11], [13], [12], [5], [6], [21], [9], [8], [10], [2], [7], [18], [23], [19], [24], and [17] provide the notation and terminology for this paper. For simplicity, we adopt the following convention: x, y, X are sets, m, n are natural numbers, O is an ordinal number, and R, S are binary relations. Let D be a set, let f be a part...

We show that triangulating a set of points with elevations such that the number of local minima of the resulting terrain is minimized is NP-hard for degenerate point sets. The same result applies when there are no degeneracies for higher-order Delaunay triangulations. Two heuristics are presented to minimize the number of local minima for higher-order Delaunay triangulations, and they are compa...

Low-income households face long-standing challenges of energy insecurity and inequality (EII). During extreme events (e.g., disasters pandemics) these are especially severe for vulnerable populations reliant on health, education, well-being. However, many EII studies rarely incorporate the micro- macro-perspectives resilience reliability internet infrastructure social-psychological factors. To ...

background: cd4+ and cd8+ t cells are the main types of lymphocytes in cell-mediated immunity and play a central role in the induction of efficient immune responses against tumors. the frequencies of t cell subtypes in the peripheral blood and tumor tissues, and draining lymph nodes (dln) can be considered as useful markers for evaluation of the immune system in cancers. methods: in this study,...

Elevated enzyme activities in plasma may at times be attributed to the presence of macro-enzymes. The macro-enzymes are often serum enzymes in complex with immunoglobulins, resulting in a greater molecular mass that cannot be filtered by renal glomeruli and are, hence, retained in the plasma. The aspartate aminotransferase (AST) can exist as a macro-enzyme, although it has been rarely reported....

abstract soil invertebrate and their spatial pattern are affected strongly by environmental factors. spatial variability of soil properties is one of the most important reasons of the macrofauna variability. this study was conducted to investigate the spatial variability of soil properties and soil macrofauna biomass in the riparian forest landscape of karkhe river. soil macro fauna were sample...

due to the limited availability of phosphorus in soil especially calcareous soils, it is important to investigate strategies to increase ability of phosphorus uptake by plant. evaluating the effect of zeolite (clinoptilolite), irrigation levels and preferential flows, simultaneously and independently, on increasing phosphorus uptake by corn was objective of this study. potted study was done in ...

as a culture-based phenomenon which involves both linguistic and social aspects, translation has been investigated from various perspectives. the present critical discourse analysis (cda)-based study is an attempt to probe into the manipulation of ideologies in translations of political texts. a cda approach, based on fairclough (1989), van dijk (2004) and farahzad (2007), was adopted to conduc...