Reflection energy from a linear reflector comes from an integrant over an aperture often described by the Fresnel zone. Within the Fresnel zone, the diffraction energy constructively builds the reflection energy. This paper uses diffraction theory to explain the reflector edge effect on amplitude and the amplitude variation within the Fresnel zone. Thus, discuss the Fresnel zone effect for AVO ...

Nowadays there is a clear trend towards using methods and tools that can develop multi-agent systems (MAS) capable of performing dynamic selforganization when they detect changes in the environment. Moreover, the ideas that model the interactions of a multi-agent system cannot be related only to the agents and their communication skills in gaining strength, but it is necessary to use the concep...

Introduction: Orofacial clefts are among the most common congenital anomalies. Patients presenting with orofacial clefts often require surgery or other complex procedures. A cleft lip or palate can be a single anomaly or a part of multiple congenital anomalies. The reported prevalence of cleft disease and associated anomalies varies widely across the literature, and is dependent on the diagnost...

background coronary artery anomalies are not common, but could be very serious. objectives this study determines the frequency of coronary anomalies and normal variants by multi-detector-row computed tomography (mdct). patients and methods the results of cardiac mdct study in 2697 consecutive patients were analyzed retrospectively. acquisition was performed by a 64-detector row ct machine. imag...

Aligned vertical fractures introduce velocity anisotropy which is directly related to parameters, such as fracture density, fracture shape and fracture contents. Effective medium models allow us to study qPand qS-wave velocity anisotropy in rocks with aligned vertical fractures, intersecting fracture sets and aligned fractures with smallscale porosity. Spatially varying fracture density distrib...