We propose a model of natural language inference which identifies valid inferences by their lexical and syntactic features, without full semantic interpretation. We extend past work in natural logic, which has focused on semantic containment and monotonicity, by incorporating both semantic exclusion and implicativity. Our model decomposes an inference problem into a sequence of atomic edits lin...

A great deal of research has been devoted to nontrivial reasoning in inconsistent knowledge bases. Coherence-based approaches proceed by a consolidation operation which selects several consistent subsets of the knowledge base and an entailment operation which uses classical implication on these subsets in order to conclude. An important advantage of these formalisms is their flexibility : conso...

principle of justice and equity is a term, although it is seen in recent jurisprudents' writings, which have not been explained clearly at all. therefore, some of the jurisprudents do not accept this term as a principle; some others accept it as a principle and consider its implementation in case of being a special reason; and other group of jurisprudents accept it as a principle but limit...

There are a number of frameworks for modelling argumentation in logic. They incorporate a formal representation of individual arguments and techniques for comparing conflicting arguments. A common assumption for logic-based argumentation is that an argument is a pair 〈Φ, α〉 where Φ is a minimal subset of the knowledgebase such that Φ is consistent and Φ entails the claim α. We call the logic us...