four ruminally-cannulated holstein cows were used in a 4 × 4 latin square changeover design within periods of 21 days to evaluate effects of feeding frequency of different sources of rumen degradable nitrogen on total tract digestibility of nutrients, feeding behaviors, rumen and blood metabolites of holstein cows. treatments were: 1) control diet which was as total mixed ration (tmr) offered o...

This experiment was carried out to evaluate different levels of peppermint (Mentha piperita) plant powder usage on feed conversion ratio (FCR), body weight (BW), feed intake (FI), body temperature, carcass parts (breast and thigh) and internal organs (liver, heart, gizzard) weights in broiler chicken. A total of 192 broiler chicken were randomly divided into 4 experimental treatments with 4 rep...

Estrogen Replacement Therapy (ERT) in postmenopausal women may decrease the risk of Coronary Artery Diseases (CAD). We hypothesized that Nitric Oxide (NO) releasing due to ERT may be the essential factor by which endothelial permeability decreases. Four groups of ovariectomized rabbits were under investigation for five weeks. Groups 1 & 4 received high cholesterol diet and other two groups (2 &...

Objective: A clinically observable metabolic disorder often takes its root from modulation of transcriptional factors which in turn are responsible for perturbed protein expressions and their sequelae. Perinatal perturbations due to chronic prenatal exposure to a certain type of rice could predispose parents exposed to such ‘insult’ and their subsequent offsprings to metabolic diseases. Materi...

selenium, a trace mineral complement is used as cofactor of antioxidant enzymes that protects fishes against environmental stress agents and enhances performance in fishes. in this study the different levels of organic and inorganic source of  selenium were included in juvenile rainbow trout diet to evaluate feed conversion ratio (fcr), specific growth rate (sgr), weight gain percent (wg), cond...

The effects of antibiotic, probiotic, and prebiotic as dietary feed additives on carcass composition as well as Salmonella counts and its serotypes in droppings and intestine of broiler chickens on days 1, 28, and 56 of experiment were investigated. Dietary treatments were control diet (basal diet without additives), OXYT diet (basal diet with 600 ppm of the antibiotic oxytetracycline), GRO-UP ...