An ongoing study investigating national, organizational, and professional cultures in aviation and medicine is described. Survey data from 26 nations on 5 continents show highly significant national differences regarding appropriate relationships between leaders and followers, in group vs. individual orientation, and in values regarding adherence to rules and procedures. These findings replicat...

The management communication facilitates the management process as a whole, in a certain organizational culture and with major implications in the organizational climate. By studying management and organizational culture, one may emphasize a whole range of aspects, from performance to dramatic situations generated and developed by the lack of communication and understanding. Therefore, manageme...

The longstanding and widespread tradition of the person approach focuses on the unsafe acts—errors and procedural violations—of people at the sharp end: nurses, physicians, surgeons, anaesthetists, pharmacists, and the like. It views these unsafe acts as arising primarily from aberrant mental processes such as forgetfulness, inattention, poor motivation, carelessness, negligence, and recklessne...

Error management theory is a theory of considerable scope and emerging influence. The theory claims that cognitive biases do not necessarily reflect flaws in evolutionary design, but that they may be best conceived as design features. Unfortunately, existing accounts are vague with respect to the key concept of bias. The result is that it is unclear that the cognitive biases that the theory see...

When designing a software module or system, a software engineer needs to consider and differentiate between how the system handles external and internal errors. External errors must be tolerated by the system, while internal errors should be discovered and eliminated. This paper presents a development strategy based on design contracts to minimize the amount of internal errors in a software sys...

Regarding the tremendous changes effected in the domain of modern technologies and information technologies, firms are required to adopt management accounting innovations to continue their operations. While the extant literature has focused on developed countries, the present project is set to determine the extent to which management accounting innovations are applied in firms in the context of...