In addition to firm and industry characteristics, the heterogeneity of foreign direct investment (FDI) has to be taken into account when analyzing the determinants of outward FDI. We combine two firm-specific datasets on German firms with subsidiaries and joint ventures in the Czech Republic, compared to a control group of German firms without FDI in this host country. The impact of firm and in...

We estimate a structural model of individual smoking behaviour emphasizing the role of individual risk belief on smoking choices. Our model consists of five equations: two selection equations for initiation and cessation decisions, and three switching outcome regressions for nonsmokers, ex-smokers, and current smokers. The presence of significant self-selectivity implies that the health effects...

This paper presents a convenient shortcut method for implementing the Heckman estimator of the dynamic random effects probit model and other dynamic nonlinear panel data models using standard software. It then compares the estimators proposed by Heckman, Orme and Wooldridge, based on three alternative approximations, first in an empirical model for the probability of unemployment and then in a ...

Models of dividend preferences (clienteles) can lead to biased results if they ignore the connection between market participation and asset allocation decisions. Using data from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (CEX), I jointly model and estimate these investment decisions with a two-step procedure due to Heckman (1977). The estimated coefficients support the idea that market frictions and behav...

We analyse the relationship between extent of a firm’s corporate social responsibility (CSR) and its long-term survival probability. conjecture that better CSR rating is associated with lower probability failure longer period. Consistent this, we document four dimensions (environment, community, employee relations, product) out six are positively related to firms’ The positive association ratin...