Background: Duration of spinal anesthesia depends on the type of anesthetic agent, dosage and additive materials such as epinephrine, ephedrine and opioid. We compared the duration of spinal anesthesia with lidocaine 5% with or without epinephrine in addict and non-addict patients undergoing inferior limb fracture surgery. Methods: This single blinded randomized clinical trial was performed on ...

plant photosynthetate partitioning is important in seed yield formation. in this research, in order to study grain filling procedure of chickpea in the presense of drought stress and nitrogen (n) fertilizer on remobilization rate, final grain weight and grain yield were measured. experiment was performed in an split-factorial using randomized complete block design with three replications. droug...

Extremes in climate, such as heat waves and drought, are expected to become more frequent and intense with forecasted climate change. Plant species will almost certainly differ in their responses to these stressors. We experimentally imposed a heat wave and drought in the tallgrass prairie ecosystem near Manhattan, Kansas, USA to assess transcriptional responses of two ecologically important C4...

to investigate the effects of drought stress and different combinations of animal manure with super absorbent polymer on yield and yield components of corn, a split plots design was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with 3 replications in fars agricultural research center in 2007. irrigation treatments were assigned as the main factor in three levels: 70, 105 and 140 mm evap...

introduction: drought is a creeping natural phenomenon, which can occur in any region. such phenomenon not only affects the region subjected to drought, but its adverse effects can also be extended to other adjacent regions. this phenomenon mainly starts with water deficiency (say less than long- term mean of variable under study such as rainfall, streamflow, groundwater level or soil moisture)...