The use of indicators for evaluating the microbiological quality of the marine surf-zone water is a worldwide practice. It is important that the indicator used, is the most relevant in relation to bathers’ health. It must be easy to detect and it must be cost effective. This paper reports the comparison between the occurrence of faecal coliforms and Escherichia coli in the marine surf-zone. Bot...

biological indicators are species that can be employed to monitor environmental quality and ecosystem health. different groups of organisms such as plants, animals, bacteria and parasites regularly produce certain molecular signal in response to changes in their environmental milieu. parasites are important tools for providing wealth of information on physicochemical quality, environmental stre...

The Danjiangkou Reservoir is the water source for the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China. Thus, its water quality status is of great concern. Five water quality indicators (dissolved oxygen, permanganate index, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus), were measured at three monitoring sites (the Danjiangkou Reservoir dam, the Hejiawan and the Jia...

monte carlo methods designed base on stochastic reiterations and can be useful in uncertainty conditions. the purpose of this research was investigation of uncertainty to rank desertification indicators. in order to decrease uncertainty have been applied monte carlo reiterations for each value of indicator, if rank of xi is higher than rank of xk constantly. using multi dimension integrals the ...