Background: Adolescence is a sensitive period of acquiring normal and abnormal habits for all of life. The study investigates determinants of responsibility for health, spiritual health and interpersonal relations and predictive factors based on the theory of planned behavior in high school girl students in Tabriz.   Methods : In this Cross-sectional study, 340 students were selected thorough...

Crowding theory has highlighted the unintended consequences that well-meant financial incentives can have on behaviour. Using field research, this study applies crowding to self-organising citizens’ initiatives in Netherlands. Citizens’ create different kinds of goods and services are sometimes supported by governmental ‘citizens’ stimulation funds’. We found (1) effect is multifaceted; (2) psy...

The current article presents the results of a study which developed an Italian adaptation of Podsakoff, Mackenzie, Moorman, and Fetter’s (1990) questionnaire, measuring organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) by referring to the following dimensions: Altruism, Conscientiousness, Sportsmanship, Courtesy, and Civic Virtue. The original questionnaire was translated into Italian and modified in o...

Persistent, widespread harassment in schools can be understood as a product of collective school norms that deem harassment, and behavior allowing harassment to escalate, as typical and even desirable. Thus, one approach to reducing harassment is to change students' perceptions of these collective norms. Theory suggests that the public behavior of highly connected and chronically salient actors...

OBJECTIVE This study set out to measure the influence of injunctive, subjective, verbal, and behavioral norms on talking on a mobile phone while driving. In particular it examines social influences that have been neglected in past research, namely, injunctive norms and explicit verbal and behavioral norms communicated by law enforcers with regard to using a mobile phone when driving. All four t...

Objective. We investigate adolescent membership in voluntary associations and whether participation in these activities influences voting behavior during early adulthood. Methods. Weighted logistic regression models predicting membership in voluntary associations and voting behavior were estimated using data from the National Educational Longitudinal Study of 1988–1994 (NELS). Results. Our find...