background: one of the elements of the broadening focus of health care beyond its traditional and restricted concept has been the increasing adoption quality of life approach to health care research and practice. objectives: to investigate the qol of women in the third trimester of pregnancy and at 8 weeks postpartum and factors associated with the overall qol. materials and methods: three hund...

Here it is shown that chaotic oscillations can appear after a series of period doublings in radiating diffusion flames when the activation temperature is high enough. It is also shown that period doubling cascades appear typically in very small regions and that they may not be observable if one starts with small perturbations of a steady flame.

We prove that the period doubling operator has an expanding di rection at the xed point We use the induced operator a Perron Frobenius type operator to study the linearization of the period dou bling operator at its xed point We then use a sequence of linear operators with nite ranks to study this induced operator The proof is constructive One can calculate the expanding direction and the rate ...

We show that the greedy spanner algorithm constructs a (1+ )-spanner of weight −O(d)w(MST) for a point set in metrics of doubling dimension d, resolving an open problem posed by Gottlieb [11]. Our result generalizes the result by Narasimhan and Smid [15] who showed that a point set in d-dimension Euclidean space has a (1+ )-spanner of weight at most −O(d)w(MST). Our proof only uses the packing ...