Abstract The United States has a long history of providing ad hoc disaster assistance to agricultural producers. latest version – the Emergency Relief Program (ERP) follows five consecutive years appropriations for assistance. In response ongoing appropriations, there is growing interest in establishing permanent program. However, with that comes concerns over impact it could have on existing f...

Predictive pricing (e.g., Google’s “Smart Pricing” and Yahoo’s “Quality-Based Pricing”) and revenue sharing are two important tools that online advertising networks can use in order to attract content publishers and advertisers. We develop a simple model of the pay-per-click advertising market to study the market effects of these tools. We then present an algorithm, PricingPolicy, for computing...

Background: The Ethiopian health care system is under tremendous reform. One of the issues high on the agenda is health care financing. In an effort to protect citizens from catastrophic effects of the clearly high share of out-of-pocket expenditure, the government is currently working to introduce health insurance. Objective: This article aims to highlight the components of the Ethiopian healt...

BACKGROUND The Saudi Healthcare System is universal, financed entirely from government revenue principally derived from oil, and is 'free at the point of delivery' (non-contributory). However, this system is unlikely to be sustainable in the medium to long term. This study investigates the feasibility and acceptability of healthcare financing reform by examining households' willingness to pay (...

Abstract This paper applies the meta-frontier Data Envelopment Analysis and main concepts of convergence from economic growth literature (?-convergence ?-convergence) to analyze integration both in efficiency technology gap European Union (EU) insurance markets. We evaluate 10 EU life markets over 17-year-period 1998–2014. Results show cost/revenue among major during sample period. These findin...

As computing services are increasingly cloud-based, corporations are investing in cloud-based security measures. The Security-asa-Service (SECaaS) paradigm allows customers to outsource security to the cloud, through the payment of a subscription fee. However, no security system is bulletproof, and even one successful attack can result in the loss of data and revenue worth millions of dollars. ...

BACKGROUND Premiums are required in Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program in many states. Effects of premiums are raised in policy debates. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to review effects of premiums on children's coverage and access. DATA SOURCES PubMed was used to search academic literature from 1995 to 2014. STUDY SELECTION Two reviewers initially screened studies by using...

In this paper we consider a single inventory (newsboy) problem in which the vendor has a limited amount of funds to purchase items to sell. We assume that the manufacturer will either sell the items to the vendor outright or offer the items to the vendor on a revenue sharing (consignment) basis. In the latter case, that amount of money the vendor pays per unit is less than if the items are purc...

Insurance was widely recognized as a useful tool for risk management in regional economic growth. Lots of analysis focused on building a fixed functional relationship between insurance development and economic growth. However, the effects of this mechanism varied widely across countries. And there was a clear gap in the understanding of how this mechanism works in coastal areas, the forward pos...