substance use is one of the important health problems in the world. the present study aimed to test the structural relations of religious involvement, negative beliefs about substance, spiritual well-being and smoking in a sample of university students. five hundred and four male and female students of kharazmi university, faculty of agriculture of tehran university and islamic azad university ...

Much of the research on African American college students at predominantly White institutions (PWIs) indicates that African American students encounter difficulty in social and academic integration. In much of this research, it is assumed, explicitly or implicitly, that African American students experience lower adjustment and performance in these settings due to fewer socioeconomic resources i...

This paper proposes the use of cognitive schemata to model metacognitive social phenomena, characterizing the reciprocity between micro and macro dimensions in an organization. The main idea that rationalizes this research is that explicit modeling of social cognitive constructs might improve the understanding of organizational culture and learning processes. In this sense, organizational actor...