This study deals with the effects of a supply chain (SC) with single product, multiple retailers and a manufacturer, where the manufacturer(he) produces lotsize of the product that contains a random portion of imperfect quality item. The imperfect quality products are sold in a secondary shop. The new contribution of this paper is a new non-linear demand function. Demand of the end customers va...

while ignoring income distribution and estimating aggregate demand generally leads to aggregation bias and thus, does not reflect households’ demand properly, yet aggregation bias is rarely considered in empirical demand studies and simply is ignored in most cases. the objective of the present study is to estimate aggregation bias in households’ demand for various types of meats and to evaluate...

Many studies focus on inventory systems to analyze different real-world situations. This paper considers a two-echelon supply chain that includes one warehouse and one retailer with stochastic demand and an up-to-level policy. The retailer’s lead time includes the transportation time from the warehouse to the retailer that is unknown to the retailer. On the other hand, the warehouse is unaware ...

The purpose of this paper is to present a polynomial time algorithm which determines the lot sizes for purchase component in Material Requirement Planning (MRP) environments with deterministic time-phased demand with zero lead time. In this model, backlog is not permitted, the unit purchasing price is based on the all-units discount system and resale of the excess units is possible at the order...

abstract prescribing behavior of physicians affected by many factors. the present study is aimed at discovering the simultaneous effects of the evaluated factors (including: price, promotion and demographic characteristics of physicians) and quantification of these effects. in order to estimate these effects, fluvoxamine (an antidepressant drug) was selected and the model was figured out by pan...

In this paper we study the optimal dynamic decision-making problem for a retailer selling a single product and facing price-sensitive, stochastic (multiplicative) demand in each period. Any leftover inventory for a period is carried over and charged a holding cost at the end of the period. Leftovers at the end of the selling horizon earn a non-negative salvage value. On the other hand, any unsa...

This paper optimizes dynamic pricing and real-time resource allocation policies for a platform facing nontransferable capacity, stochastic demand-capacity imbalances, strategic customers with heterogenous price time sensitivities. We characterize the optimal mechanism, which specifies menu of prices allocations. Service timing are used strategically to: (i) dynamically manage (ii) provide discr...

We consider interruptible electricity contracts issued by an electricity retailer that allow for interruptions to electric service in exchange for either an overall reduction in the price of electricity delivered or for financial compensation at the time of interruption. We provide an equilibrium model to determine electricity prices based on stochastic models of supply and demand. In the conte...