When railway vehicles run on sharp curves, the coefficient of friction (COF) between outer rail and leading-outside wheel flange a bogie is an important value related to problems such as wheel/rail severe wear, squeak noise arising from contact, running safety against flange-climb derailment. In general, it difficult grasp actual state COF, which changes moment during commercial operations. Fro...

Four different DNA loci were assessed for the detection of H. pylori by PCR on gastric biopsy specimens. PCR, with a primer specific 860 bp DNA fragment, was the most sensitive, with a detection limit of 0.02 pg H. pylori DNA, corresponding to approximately 10 organisms. Nested-PCR of the 860-bp DNA fragment was 10-fold more sensitive than single-step PCR. The sensitivity and specificity of the...

Introduction Over the last decade, the application of syndromic surveillance systems has expanded beyond early event detection to include longterm disease trend monitoring. However, statistical methods employed for analyzing syndromic data tend to focus on early event detection. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) may be a useful statistical framework for examining long-term disease trends ...