BACKGROUND Pyelocaliceal calculi flexible ureteroscopic approach raises problems related to operative time, associated morbidity and costs, especially by potential endoscope damage. METHODS 5 series, each of 20 patients with single pyelocaliceal lithiasis, were analyzed: Group I with calculi 1 cm fragmented to dust, Group II with calculi 1 cm with lithotripsy in fragments, Group III with calc...

This dissertation discusses the experimental results designed to constrain the processes of MORB generation. The main focus of this study is to investigate the location and the related processes of the transformation boundary from spinel to garnet peridotite facies at subsolidus conditions, because the presence of garnet in melting residues has significant influence to the conclusion drawn from...

This review article summarizes the recent achievements in stabilization of the metastable lattice of gadolinium aluminate garnet (Gd3Al5O12, GAG) and the related developments of advanced optical materials, including down-conversion phosphors, up-conversion phosphors, transparent ceramics, and single crystals. Whenever possible, the materials are compared with their better known YAG and LuAG cou...

The role of a mafic component in the petrogenesis of Oceanic Island Basalts (OIBs) is highly debated. As the best studied OIB, Hawaiian lavas provide critical insights into OIB genesis. At a given MgO content, the CaO content in the melt has been used to distinguish between partial melts of peridotite and garnet pyroxenite/eclogite. However, calculations using the BATCH program show that CaO co...

In the present work, nanoceramics of Li5La3Ta2O12 (LLT) lithium ion conductors with the garnet-like structure are fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique at different temperatures of 850°C, 875°C, and 900°C (SPS-850, SPS-875, and SPS-900). The grain size of the SPS nanoceramics is in the 50 to 100 nm range, indicating minimal grain growth during the SPS experiments. The ionic condu...

A theoretical model for how Bloch walls occurring in in-plane magnetized ferrite garnet films can serve as efficient magnetic micromanipulators is presented. As an example, the walls' interaction with Abrikosov vortices in a superconductor in close contact with a garnet film is analyzed within the London approximation. The model explains how vortices are attracted to such walls, and excellent q...

The effects of water and iron content on the relative creep strengths of garnet and olivine were investigated by shear deformation experiments. arnet and olivine samples were sandwiched together between alumina pistons in a simple shear geometry and were deformed at P= 1–2 GPa, = 1473 K and strain rates ranging from 10−5 to 10−3 s−1 using a Griggs-type solid-medium apparatus. The stressand stra...

Numerical modeling and anMysis are used to investigate the processes leading to the eruption of mantle-derived magma at mid-ocean ridges. Our model includes the following effects: melting due to decompression, magma migration by percolation, and circulation of the mantle driven by both the oceanic plates and the distribution of buoyancy beneath the ridge. The distribution of buoyancy is due to ...