t rue saccular aneurysm is exceptional in coarctation of aorta in children. a 6-year-old girl with headache and systemic arterial hypertension referred to our center for cardiovascular evaluation. physical examination revealed high blood pressure and weak lower extremity pulses. two-dimensional and doppler echocardiography and angiography demonstrated a saccular aneurysm of the descending aorta...

In the Theory of Challenge and Threat States in Athletes (TCTSA) it is proposed that on approach to motivated performance situations an individual can respond in a challenge state or a threat state. Challenge and threat states are marked by contrasting patterns of psychological, emotional, and cardiovascular (CV) responses. A challenge state is proposed to maintain or facilitate performance com...

Hypotension after left ventriculography (LVG) is believed to result from direct myocardial toxicity, peripheral vasodilation, or a combination of both. The contribution of each has not been established. Thus, LVG was performed in anesthetized dogs under conditions in which peripheral vascular reactivity (PVR) was altered pathophysiologically (aortic coarctation) or pharmacologically (acetylchol...

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is another manifestation of vascular disease. We evaluated the natural history of ED in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and the respective participation of associated pathophysiological modifications, i.e., endothelial dysfunction and tissue remodeling. SHR and their normotensive counterparts [Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY)] of 6, 12, and 24 wk of age (n = 12) were u...

Crocus sativus L. (saffron) is a widely used food additive for its color and taste. The hypotensive effects of saffron have been shown in previous studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanism of vasodilatory effects induced by saffron on isolated rat aorta.To study the vasodilatory effects of saffron aqueous extract (0.5, 1 and 2 mg/mL), isolated rat thoracic aorta rings were co...

  Introduction: Aortic valve sclerosisis considered as a manifestation of coronary atherosclerosis. Recent studies demonstrated an association between aortic valve sclerosis and obstructive coronary artery disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluatethe correlation betweenaortic valve sclerosis andobstructive coronary artery disease and the extent of coronary artery disease in patients ho...

background: the evaluation of prosthetic valves is very difficult with two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography alone. doppler and color flow imaging as well as transesophageal echocardiography are more reliable to detect prosthetic valve dysfunction. however, doppler study sometimes tends to be misleading due to the load-depending characteristics of peak and mean pressure gradients. the ...

This article gives an overview of recently published literature on the factors that govern SN2 reactivity. By comparing reactivity in solution with that in the isolated gas phase, it has become possible to dissect the contribution of the solvent from that of the intrinsic molecular properties. This has proven to be an extremely important and fruitful step forward in obtaining key knowledge not ...