we define minimal cn-dominating graph $mathbf {mcn}(g)$, commonality minimal cn-dominating graph $mathbf {cmcn}(g)$ and vertex minimal cn-dominating graph $mathbf {m_{v}cn}(g)$, characterizations are given for graph $g$ for which the newly defined graphs are connected. further serval new results are developed relating to these graphs.

ion is the removal of rain from surface runoff processes. In addition to infiltration, it includes surface depressional storage and vegetative interception, of which surface depressional storage is of greater importance. Initial abstraction is the surface depressional storage, vegetative interception and infiltration (Fs for the GAML model) prior to the start of runoff. Most of the total surfac...

extensive flood damages all over the world necessitate its control and operation. hydrologic impacts of land use change appear in many ways such as total runoff, and flood peak flow. this study was performed in 2014 and aimed to investigate the impacts of land use changes on the occurrence of floods in the catchment of boostan dam in golestan province, iran. for this purpose, watershed modeling...

Dünya üzerindeki su kaynaklarının canlılara daha yararlı hale getirmek için çeşitli uygulamalar kullanılmaktadır. Başta yağış ve yağışla meydana gelen akış durumunun incelenmesi hidrolojik modellerin tasarlanması özellikle günümüz ihtiyaçları açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Andırın Sisne Havzası geçmişteki taşkın olaylarının nedenleri havza morfometrisi yönünden araştırılmıştır...

Landform, drainage pattern, slope, soil, vegetation and land use/land cover, all of which control surface runoff and peak flow, can be evaluated and mapped reliably and reasonably through Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) false colour composites of the post-monsoon season. Runoff curve numbers (CAO determined from those data predicted the runoff depth and peak flow with a coefficient of determinatio...

natural ecosystems provide many goods and services for human beings via their multiple functionalities. one of these important functions is the role of natural ecosystems in regulation of hydrologic cycle and increasing the infiltarion and retention of water in soil context and preventing from water runoff which may cause in unfavorable consequences like soil erosion and flooding. quantificatio...

We develop a numerical method based on Sine functions to obtain an approximate solution of a one-dimensional Cauchy singular integral equation (CSIE) over an arbitrary, smooth, open arc L of finite length in the complex plane. At the outset, we reduce the CSIE to a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind via a regularization procedure. We then obtain an approximate solution to the Fredhol...

A digraph D with p vertices and q arcs is labeled by assigning a distinct integer value g(v) from {0, 1, ..., q} to each vertex v. The vertex values, in turn, induce a value g(u, v) on each arc (u, v) where g(u, v) = (g(v)− g(u))(mod q + 1). If the arc values are all distinct then the labeling is called a graceful labeling of a digraph. In this paper, we prove a general result on graceful digra...