this research has been taken among the students of high school in karaj city during the years 1391 and 1392. this is a survey research and data gathering is through questionnaires. studying the “an analysis of students’ tendency toward non-native reference groups in karaj”. the questionnaire was distributed among 260 of these students who were chosen through multi step cluster sampling. conside...

within the components of communicative competence, a special emphasis is put on the “rules of politeness,” specifically the politeness strategies (brown and levinson, 1978) that speakers deploy when performing the request speech act. this is because the degree of imposition that making a request places upon one’s interlocutor(s) has been seen to be influenced by several factors among which, as ...

the present study aimed to investigate the possible effects of focused highlighted error feedback on grammatical accuracy of writing among iranian intermediate efl learners. after selecting 52 homogenous participants from among 70 university students attending azad university of rasht and randomly dividing them into two intact groups of 26 students, the researcher exposed the participants of th...

The pathological narcissism is a style of personality that is characterized by a sense of extreme importance and competence, selfish attitude and behavior, lack of empathy, need for admiration and fragile self-esteem. The present study discussed how the narcissism phenomenon from the psychodynamic perspective and examined the psychodynamic explanatory model in the pathology and development of n...

teachers beliefs have usually been left unattended in the realm of educational research in iranian context. one of those beliefs which seems to impact teachers performance in the classroom is their sense of self-efficacy, which refers to teachers belief in their ability to enhance student achievement and in bringing about positive learning outcomes. the present study aimed to investigate the pr...

This article determines influence of education of emotional intelligence components on mental health improvement and self-imagination of Arak Payam Nour University’s athlete girl students. This is survey (analytic-descriptive) research which is quasi-empirical one. It was conducted in form of pre- and post-test with control group. 24 students were catego-rized in two 12-person experimental an...