deep economic and social developments in two recent centuries beside other important alterations, created important changes in contracting aria among them placing weak and strong parties against each other in contracts. freedom of contract, that before enjoided from some kind of sancity,could not provid contractual justice in this new conditions. therefore adjustment of this tool(contract) in a...

when the parties enter into a contract it is valid and binds the parties: that meams one of them cannot terminate the contract without an agreement; in this article we try to prove the base of this principle: in islamic law if the evidence of the sources are not sufficient we can accompany the effects of the contract if it is unconditional and absolute in islamic law it is known as esteshaab.

iranian oil buy back contract is a kind of service contract that foreign party carries out all operations in development or reconstruction of oil or gas field with its costs. in return, national iranian oil company obliges to compensate contractor all capital or non-capital costs necesserly by produced oil or gas from the same field. the energy charter treaty as the most perfect international t...

Designing the self-balancing two-wheeled mobile robots and reducing undesired vibrations are of great importance. For this purpose, the majority of researches are focused on application of relatively complex control approaches without improving the robot structure. Therefore, in this paper we introduce a new two-wheeled mobile robot which, despite its relative simple structure, fulfills the req...

The social contract has been about rights and responsibilities in human societies. Facebook and its role in manufacturing and sustaining a global social contract, a new “we” is clearly one of the research areas that needs more attention. A new “we” is coming of age in the new age of connectivity and communication with a new outlook toward responsibility and rights at individual and collective l...