abstract following innovations in the field of elt, a new topic which has recently attracted a lot of attention is metaphor analysis. although this area of research is still in its infancy in elt, it seems that the idea can shed more light on the puzzle of english language learning and teaching. therefore, the major aim of this study is to analyze language learning and teaching in formal a...

Thinking and thinking skills are among the important issues that have long occupied the minds of thinkers. Thinking is one of the basic issues of education that requires tools to cultivate it, one of these expressions is having a philosophical mind that makes people Helps in correct and logical thinking. Data were collected through interviews with 15 experts in the field of research. The method...

- Abstract Introduction: urban planning expected achievements in Iran, despite its long history, have not been satisfactory & they have not been able to materialize the welfare promised. even the most recent urban planning methods, often based on collaborative patterns, have not responded to the needs of citizens. Failure to implement these programs is affected by several factors. Lack of par...

1.0 overview it seems that grammar plays a crucial role in the area of second and foreign language learning and widely has been acknowledged in grammar research. in other words, teaching grammar is an issue which has attracted much attention to itself, and a lot of teachers argue about the existence of grammar in language teaching and learning. this issue will remind us a famous sentence f...

Introduction: The evaluation of the internal environment is included the evaluation of an organization position, evaluation of performances, identified its problems and its potential abilities. If the internal evaluation has been done correctly, it makes a comprehensive view of existing situation in the organization, bring about a correct overview to it in which irrelative and inefficient progr...