although there are studies on pragmatic assessment, to date, literature has been almost silent about native and non-native english raters’ criteria for the assessment of efl learners’ pragmatic performance. focusing on this topic, this study pursued four purposes. the first one was to find criteria for rating the speech acts of apology and refusal in l2 by native and non-native english teachers...

from its emergence till present time marxist principles has undergone great changes since their promulgation by marx. many theorists and thinkers set at rectifying marxist tenets and introducing those of their own while others advocated its main concepts and attempted at improving them. among marxist philosophers who had an intensive study of marxs ideology, is louis althusser whose reflections...

The present research aimed to investigate factors associated with psychological well-being. In doing so, 320 students (106 males and 214 females) were selected through cluster random sampling based on Morgan Table from the second-period high school students in Aran & Bidgol, Kashan. The respondents filled out several questionnaires including Ryff Psychological Well-Being (2001), Sherer Self-Eff...

Background and Objective: People with high resilience evaluate stressful events as more positive and controllable than people with low resilience. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of spirituality therapy on the resilience of patients undergoing hemodialysis. Material and Methods: The present study is a quasi-experimental study with two experimental and control groups. The stat...

Introduction: Academic burnout is a factor in reducing productivity And resilience is one of the strategies to deal with job stress and burnout. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of academic burnout and resilience and the relationship between them in dental school professors. Methods: This descriptive-correlation study was conducted in 2015. 81 faculty members from the School ...

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of curriculums based on cognitive-behavioral therapy in the increase of self-efficacy and resilience among the addicts under methadone maintenance treatment. Method: For this purpose, 60 patients under methadone treatment whose records were available at the private addiction treatment center, named Zirkouh city and Zirkouh Tava...