Biological indicators are species that can be employed to monitor environmental quality and ecosystem health. Different groups of organisms such as plants, animals, bacteria and parasites regularly produce certain molecular signal in response to changes in their environmental milieu. Parasites are important tools for providing wealth of information on physicochemical quality, environmental stre...

Many consumers have monetary or environmental motivations for saving energy. Indeed, saving energy produces both monetary benefits, by reducing energy bills, and environmental benefits, by reducing carbon footprints. We examined how consumers' willingness and reasons to enroll in energy-savings programs are affected by whether advertisements emphasize monetary benefits, environmental benefits, ...

introduction land use change and climate change are the major concerns in the global environment. many environmental parameters affect the behavior of the earth’s climate system and its terrestrial components. effects of land use and land cover changes have direct influences on climate changes. now, climate change is known widely as a global health problem that has adverse impacts on natural an...

................................................................................................................................ i LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................ ii CHAPTERS CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................... 1 CHAPT...