The current realm of Lewis acid-promoted propargylsilane additions to carbonyl groups2 may be subdivided into two mechanistically distinct categories: (i) additions proceeding via a desilylation pathway;3 (ii) additions involving a [1,2]-silyl shift.4 Process (i) generates allenic alcohols and is most common when nonbulky silyl groups such as TMS are employed,3 whereas the latter scenario has b...

Traditional models have divided the increasingly popular domain of leadership into contrasting, either/or categories. The vast majority of examples from the leadership literature create dichotomies of leadership (e.g., Theory X vs. Theory Y; task vs. socioemotional; participative vs. autocratic; transactional vs. transformational). There has been little effort to combine the existing dichotomie...

Recognise that people have many, possibly conflicting, aspects to their personality. We hypothesise that each separate characteristic of a personality may be treated as an independent player in a non-zero sum many player game. This idea is applied to the two person Prisoners’ Dilemma as an introductory example. We assume each prisoner has a “mercenary” characteristic as well as an “altruistic” ...

Biological response modifiers (BRMs) of current clinical interest may be divided into two categories: immunomodulating agents and colony stimulating factors (CSFs). The first are employed to potentiate the host defences towards the tumor but results have proved disappointing in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). With regard to the second, the real dose increment which may be ascribed to CSFs i...