data envelopment analysis (dea) is a nonparametric technique that includes models to evaluate the relative efficiency of decision making units (dmus). it has the ability to separate efficient units and inefficient units. one of the applications of this mathematical technique is evaluating performance of supply chain. according to such as the inefficiency factors of one dmu, is existence congest...

This paper examines the effect that product pricing has on the dynamics and variability of a supply chain, with a focus in retail inventory. Pricing policies and strategies and the impacts of prices on demand and inventories within the retail supply chain environment are reviewed. Recent pricing and markdown research is examined. An example model is presented that is stochastic and uses simulat...

Here, we consider single vendor-buyer model with multi-product and multi-customer and multi-facility location-production-distribution problem. It is assumed that the players of the supply chain are coordinated by sharing information. Vendor manufactures produce different products at different plants with limited capacities and then distribute the products to the consumers according to determini...

Planning of an optimal product family architecture (PFA) plays a critical role in defining an organization's product platforms for product variant configuration while leveraging commonality and variety. The focus of PFA planning has been traditionally limited to the product design stage, yet with limited consideration of the downstream supply chain-related issues. Decisions of supply chain conf...

in the recent decade, special attention is paid to reverse logistic due to economic benefits of recovery and recycling of used products as well as environmental legislation and social concerns. on the other hand، many researches claim that separately and sequential planning of forward and reverse logistic causes sub-optimality. effective transport activities are also one of the most important c...

due to the importance of supplier selection issue in supply chain management (scm) and ,also,  the increasing tendency of organizations to their social responsibilities, in this paper, we survey the supplier selection issue as a multi objective problem while considering the factor of corporate social responsibility (csr) as a mathematical parameter. the purpose of this paper is to design a mode...

A supply chain is a network of entities directly or indirectly interlinked and interdependent in performing activities in moving a product or service from supplier to customer. In recent times, the role of purchasing in supply chain continues to receive growing attention. The supplier selection process is a multi-objectives problem, encompassing many tangible and intangible factors include quan...

In this paper, a new multi-objective integer non-linear programming model is developed for designing citrus three-echelon supply chain network. Short harvest period, product specifications, high perished rate, and special storing and distributing conditions make the modeling of citrus supply chain more complicated than other ones. The proposed model aims to minimize network costs includin...