Representing OT hierarchies in terms of weighted sums of violations requires in the general case exponential growth of weights; and any such weight system will only work for finite fragments of grammars in which the quantity of violations incurred by optima does not grow without bound (typically, those fragments in which input size is bounded). This conclusion is based on a worst-case analysis,...

To explore the question of physical thinking – using the body as an instrument of cognition – we collected extensive video and interview data on the creative process of a noted choreographer and his company as they made a new dance. A striking case of physical thinking is found in the phenomenon of marking. Marking refers to dancing a phrase in a less than complete manner. Dancers mark to save ...

Introduction: Cardiac preconditioning represents the most potent and consistently reproducible method of rescuing heart tissue from undergoing irreversible ischemic damage. The aim of the present study was to evaluate oxytocin (OT) induced cardioprotection and its signaling pathways on lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) in the anesthetized rats. Methods: Ei...

background: the capability of embryonic carcinoma cells p19 in differentiation to cardiomyocyte was examined through inducing effects of oxytocin (ot) and 5-azacytidin (5az) individually and compared with each other in laboratory condition. materials and methods: p19 embryoid bodies (ebs) was formed through hanging drops method. then, ebs were treated with (5az) or (ot) and the eb medium (ctrl)...

kakhki dialect is one of the dialects of the south of razavi khorasan province which is spoken in a subdivision of gonabad, called “kakhk”. this dialect and two other dialects (khaniki and ferdowsi), as far as the researcher knows, are the only linguistically described dialects in the razavi khorasan and south khorasan provinces which have the ergative case marking. ergative case marking in thi...

This study asked whether contextual abstractness would affect productive locative case marking in 3to 6year-old Hungarian-speaking children. A narrative elicitation task examined locative case production in both concrete (e.g., IN the garden) and abstract (e.g., IN trouble) contexts. We found that 3-year-olds were less accurate in the abstract condition than controls. By contrast, there was no ...

This article presents novel data on partial casemarking in Japanese stripping/sluicing: only the final NP in multiple stripping/sluicing may lack a case particle. These data challenge previous works that assign radically distinct structures to stripping/sluicing depending on whether or not case-marking is involved. These case-marking patterns are reducible to incremental growth of semantic repr...

This paper presents an approach for applying the Remote RolePlaying (RRP) concepts in the development of Distributed Collaborative Applications (DCAs) that use the collaborationbased (role-based) design. The paper studies a programming model called Object Teams (OT), which aims at implementing this design for the object-orientated languages. Then, it introduces the RRP for improving the DCAs mo...

BACKGROUND Although there is published research on the methods markers use in marking various types of assessment, there is relatively little information on the processes markers use in approaching a marking exercise. This qualitative paper describes the preparation and experiences of general practice (GP) teachers who undertake marking a written assessment in an undergraduate medical course. ...

Universit e de Montr eal y Claude Cr epeau z Universit e de Montr eal y Ecole Normale Sup erieure x Mikll os SS antha { Universit e Paris{Sud k Abstract Assume A owns t secret k{bit strings. She is willing to disclose one of them to B, at his choosing, provided he does not learn anything about the other strings. Conversely, B does not want A to learn which secret he chose to learn. A protocol f...