Cospectral budgets are used to link the kinetic and potential energy distributions of turbulent eddies, as measured by their spectra, to macroscopic relations between the turbulent Prandtl number (Prt) and atmospheric stability measures such as the stability parameter z, the gradient Richardson number Rg, or the flux Richardson number Rf in the atmospheric surface layer. The dependence of Prt o...

The rigorous sensor model based on the collinear equation describes the imaging geometric relationship between the image points and homologous ground points, with parameters which have understandable physical meanings. However, it lacks generality because of its complexity and varying with different sensor types. Especially, the physical parameters are often made unavailable intentionally or un...

BACKGROUND In 2013, the stillbirth rate in the UK was 4.2 per 1000 live births, ranking 24th out of 49 high-income countries, with an annual rate of reduction of only 1.4% per year. The majority of stillbirths occur in normally formed infants, with (retrospective) evidence of placental insufficiency the most common clinical finding. Maternal perception of reduced fetal movements (RFM) is associ...

Abstract Digitalization allows retailers to target customers with personalized promotions when they enter the store. Although traditional promotional retailer objectives, such as store visit, become obsolete once shopper is already in store, still tend based on indicators that drive recency, frequency, and monetary value (RFM). In order improve efficiency, authors propose targeting shoppers inf...

Periodic oscillations play an important role in many biomedical systems. Proper functioning of biological systems that respond to periodic signals requires the ability to synchronize with the periodic excitation. For example, the sleep/wake cycle is a manifestation of an internal timing system that synchronizes to the solar day. In the terminology of systems theory, the biological system must e...

Synthetic biology constructs often rely upon the introduction of “circuit” genes into host cells, in order to express novel proteins and thus endow with a desired behavior. The expression these new “consumes” existing resources cell, such as ATP, RNA polymerase, amino acids, ribosomes. Ribosomal competition among strands mRNA may be described by system nonlinear ODEs called Flow Model (RFM). fo...