Background & Aims: Historic bazaars are the dynamic hotspot of cities, have special social, economic and physical structures, and give identity due to their semantic characteristics; these points help in forming the place attachment. Tabriz Bazaar with its unique characteristics derived from the semantic and artistic The present study is aimed at determining the place identity components and ...

learning a second or foreign language requires the manipulation of four main skills, namely, listening, reading, speaking, and writing which lead to effective communication. it is obvious that vocabulary is an indispensible part of any communication, so without a vocabulary, no meaningful communication can take place and meaningful communication relies heavily on vocabulary. one fundamental fac...

the aim of this study was to identify the problems of translating markedness structures from english to persian in order to look closely at what possible difficulties translators may face. it also seeks to probe the strategies applied accordingly by iranian translators in translating them. from three translation of blindness novel, the sentences with marked structures were elicited and also the...