introduction:nitrate entrance to water bodies can cause eutrophication and decrease quality of them, furthermore it can effect on human health so concentration of nitrate must be at defined standard level. there are several methods for reduction or removal of nitrate in water such as ion exchange, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis and denitrification. microbial denitrification of nitrate in anox...

in this paper, we examine the effect of the energy difference between the l- and the -valleys in compound semiconductor materials, carrier effective mass, and the scattering processes on the electron transport characteristics in mesfets. to do this, we use the monte carlo simulation to demonstrate the superiority of the ingaas mesfet, made on a semi-insulating inp substrate, over both inp and ...

The hadronic structure of real and virtual photons can be measured in electron positron scattering processes in which one lepton serves as a source of target photons with virtuality P 2 << Q where Q is the virtuality of the probing photon. The measured ee cross section can then be obtained by a convolution of a flux of target photons with the deep inelastic electron (positron) photon scattering...

the binding, release and oxidation of oxygen occur at the heme group iron ion. hemoglobinoxidation-reduction studies have been previously performed using spectroelectrochemistry (sec) andhave provided insight into the hemoglobin electron transfer process and more specifically, into theheme group electronic factor and subunit interaction influences. in this study, the number of fullerenecarbon a...

High-power high-brightness unstable-resonator edge-emitting semiconductor laser diodes with dry-etched curved mirrors were fabricated and characterized. The epitaxial structure was optimized for high output power operation and consists of a GaAs/AlGaAs gradedindex separate-confinement heterostructure (GRINSCH) with a single 980-nm-emitting InGaAs quantum well. The curved mirrors of the unstable...

Single-shot ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) was introduced as a viable way to measure ultrafast processes, such as structural transitions in materials. For UED, the dynamics in a sample are induced by a femtosecond laser pulse and ultrashort electron bunches are used to probe the ultrafast processes in the sample. The ultracold charged particle cloud (UCPC) source researched in this work i...