Methanethiol (methyl mercaptan) is an important contributor to oral malodour and periodontal tissue destruction. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and Fusobacterium nucleatum are key oral microbial species that produce methanethiol via methionine gamma lyase (mgl) activity. The aim of this study was to compare an mgl knockout strain of P. gingivalis with its wild type using a 10-s...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The endocannabinoids, N-arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) are rapidly degraded by fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL). Whilst these lipid mediators are known to modulate vascular tone, the extent to which they are inactivated via local metabolism in the vasculature remains unclear. EXPERIMENTAL APPROA...

A new and efficient method for the degradation of microcystins (one family of blue algal toxins) was developed and studied. Microcystins (MCs) in water were directly and effectively removed by active chlorine transformed in situ from the naturally existing Cl- in water resource using electrochemical method. Titanium coated with RuO2 and TiO2 was used as the anode. Microcystin-RR (MCRR) and Micr...

Endocannabinoid, particularly 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), signaling has recently emerged as a molecular determinant of neuronal migration and synapse formation during cortical development. However, the cell type specificity and molecular regulation of spatially and temporally confined morphogenic 2-AG signals remain unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that genetic and pharmacological manipulat...

This study aimed at determining the effects of preharvest aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) applications in different doses on the fruit quality of Black Beauty plum during cold storage. Plum trees were applied AVG doses (100 and 200 mgL-1) two weeks before the estimated harvest date. Change in physical, mechanical, chemical and bioactive compounds in fruit samples were determined at weekly interva...

The primary driver for a successful biological nutrient removal is the availability of suitable carbon source, mainly in the form of volatile fatty acids (VFA). Several methods have been examined to increase the amount of VFAs in wastewater. This study investigates the mechanism of mechanical disintegration of thickened surplus activated sludge by a deflaker technology for the production of org...

The cytoplasm of neural cells contain millimolar amounts of ATP, which flood the extracellular space after injury, activating purinergic receptors expressed by glial cells and increasing gliotransmitter production. These gliotransmitters, which are thought to orchestrate neuroinflammation, remain widely uncharacterized. Recently, we showed that microglial cells produce 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2...

In the present study, an efficient protocol has been developed for callus induction and production of RA in callus culture of Satureja khuzistanica for the first time. In vitro callus induction was achieved from young shoot tip explants cultured on MS and B5 media supplemented with different concentrations of IBA (0.1, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 mgl-1) solely or in combination with cytokinins BAP and KIN...

Gliding motility is critical for normal development of spore-filled fruiting bodies in the soil bacterium Myxococcus xanthus. Mutations in mgl block motility and development but one mgl allele can be suppressed by a mutation in masK, the last gene in an operon adjacent to the mgl operon. Deletion of the entire 5.5 kb masABK operon crippled gliding and fruiting body development and decreased spo...

Purpose To investigate whether the subcellular distribution of endocannabinoid (eCB) system (ECS) components in growing RGC axons is consistent with the formation of eCB-enriched "hotspots" and the role of the ECS in RGC axonal growth. Methods We used immunocytochemistry and image analysis to quantify axonal expression of the ECS components diacylglycerol lipase alpha (DGLα), monoacylglycerol...