‎from hilbert's theorem of zeroes‎, ‎and from noether's ideal theory‎, ‎birkhoff derived certain algebraic concepts (as explained by tholen) that have a dual significance in general toposes‎, ‎similar to their role in the original examples of algebraic geometry‎. ‎i will describe a simple example that illustrates some of the aspects of this relationship‎. the dualization from algebra to geometr...

Applying two definitions of the union of IF-events, P. Grzegorzewski gave two generalizations of the inclusion-exclusion principle for IF-events.In this paper we prove an inclusion-exclusion principle for IF-states based on a method which can also be used to prove Grzegorzewski's inclusion-exclusion principle for probabilities on IF-events.Finally, we give some applications of this principle by...

At first, George Boole introduced conditional propositions as the basis for better development of propositional logic. A compound statement composed two atomic statements (antecedent and consequent) by connective 'if—then' is called For example: "If it raining, then roads are wet". Here first this proposition, 'It raining,' antecedent, second, 'the wet,' consequent. The material in which false ...

Educational inequality is one of the types of inequality which always pervades on an educational system. The existence of the educational inequality alongside other inequalities and their interaction are the most important in a society. This paper attempts to examine the factors that affect educational inequality in Kazeroon city. The method of present study is survey and data collection tool i...

Opportunity inequality and its relationship with economic growth is a concept to which not enough attention has been paid in the previous studies. This study attempts to investigate the effects of opportunity inequality index on economic growth in 15 developing and 15 developed countries over the years 1995-2015. Accordingly, the mean group (MG) estimator within the framework of panel data was ...

background: despite the enhancement in health outcomes worldwide, health inequity and inequality is one of the most relevant topics both for health policy and public health. this research was designed to decompose the health inequality of people living in shiraz, south-west iran. methods: data were obtained from a multistage-sample survey conducted in shiraz from april to may 2012, to find dete...