Microwave assisted extraction technique was employed to extract pectin from citron peel. Box-Behnken design was applied to investigate the influence of irradiation time, microwave power and pH on the yield and DE of pectin. The finding indicated that the optimal conditions for the maximum yield of pectin (30.71%) were achieved at irradiation time of 3 min, microwave power of 700 W and pH of 1.5...

A thermosyphon is an efficient heat transfer device, which transports heat using gravity for the evaporation and condensation of the working fluid. In the present study the Box-Benhnken (BBD) design approach was chosen for the Two-Phase Closed Thermosyphon (TPCT) with CeO2 nanofluid using 0.1% volume of Nanofluid with surfactant of ethylene glycol. The experiment resulted in identifying the opt...

This paper provides a quantitative characterization of an embedded system’s capability to implement alternative behaviors. This new objective in system-level design is termed flexibility and is most notable in the field of adaptive and reconfigurable systems, where a system may change its behavior during operation. Different behaviors are also taken into consideration while implementing platfor...

White-box verification is a technique that reduces observability problems by locating a failure during design simulation without the need to propagate the failure to the I/O pins. White-box verification in chip level designs can be implemented using assertion checkers to ensure the correct behavior of a design. With chip gate counts growing exponentially, today’s verification techniques, such a...

Test case design is the most important test activity with respect to test quality. For this reason, a large number of testing methods have been developed to assist the tester with the definition of appropriate, error-sensitive test data. Besides black-box tests, white-box tests are the most prevalent. In both cases, complete automation of test case design is difficult. Automation of black-box t...

Experimentation is a powerful methodology that enables scientists to empirically establish causal claims. However, one important criticism is that experiments merely provide a black-box view of causality and fail to identify causal mechanisms. Specifically, critics argue that although experiments can identify average causal effects, they cannot explain the process through which such effects com...

Introduction 1 Rationale 2 Goals and objectives 4 Impact pathways 8 Activities 10 A. Collection of sex-disaggregated data and gender analysis 10 B. Partnerships and alliances to enhance gender inclusiveness 11 C. Knowledge sharing for gender-responsive policy and practice 12 D. Adaptive learning for gender-responsive research and analysis 13 Capacity for gender research and analysis 14 Monitori...

The main objective of the present study is to investigate the feasibility of using Carboxymethyl chitosan magnetic nanoparticles (CCMN) for the adsorption of Cd2+. The study also reports important parameters, which affect the adsorption process, i.e., pH, adsorbent dose, contact time and concentration of Cd2+, using Box-Behnken designs. Firstly, functional carboxymethyl chitosan magnetic nanopa...