water quality trading (wqt) is a novel framework for surface water quality management. this research studies the optimal waste load allocation (wla) in regard based on bod parameter in downstream of sefidrud river. for this purpose, the river is simulated by qual2kw software and the total maximum daily loads (tmdls) required are determined. the impact factors of pollutes are also specified usin...

age replacement policy is concerned with finding an optional time tominimize the cost, at which time the unit is replaced even if itdoes not fail. so far, age replacement policy involving random agehas been proposed. this paper will assume the age of the unit is anuncertain variable, and find the optimal time to replace the unit.

selecting an appropriate manufacturing machine is a very important and complex problem for firms, which usually have to deal with both qualitative and quantitative criteria. taking into account the differences among machines in terms of cost, speed, quality and after sale services, type and number of machines are important parameters to consider. therefore, the goal of this paper is to propose ...

A deterministic inventory model with two levels of storage (own warehouse and rented warehouse) with non-instantaneous deteriorating items is studied. The supplier offers the retailer a trade credit period to settle the amount. Different scenarios based on the deterioration and the trade credit period have been considered. In this article, we have framed two models considering single warehouse ...

inventory models play an important role in determining the optimal ordering and pricing policies. much work has been reported in literature regarding inventory models with finite or infinite replenishment. but in many practical situations the replenishment is governed by random factors like procurement, transportation, environmental condition, availability of raw material etc., hence, it is nee...

pricing policies play an important role in water demand management and its optimal allocation. determining proper water price leads to optimal allocation of water especially in agricultural consumptions. applying new subsidy targeting law in iran which insists on pricing water based on its supply cost, will effects considerably on water resource management in agriculture sector. so, in this stu...

This study presents an optimal framework for the operation of integrated energy systems using demand response programs. The main goal of integrated energy systems is to optimally supply various demands using different energy carriers such as electricity, heating, and cooling. Considering the power market price, this work investigates the effects of multiple energy storage devices and demand res...

In this paper, with the aim of estimating internal dynamics matrix of a gimbaled Inertial Navigation system (as a discrete Linear system), the discretetime Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation for optimal control has been extracted. Heuristic Dynamic Programming algorithm (HDP) for solving equation has been presented and then a neural network approximation for cost function and control input ...