BACKGROUND Scale-up of malaria interventions over the last decade have yielded a significant reduction in malaria transmission and disease burden in sub-Saharan Africa. We estimated economic gradients in the distribution of these efforts and of their impacts within and across endemic countries. METHODS Using Demographic and Health Surveys we computed equity metrics to characterize the distrib...

Soybean-cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) was first reported from Japan in 1915. It has since been reported from Korea (1936), Manchuria (1938), the United States (USA) (1954), and Egypt (1968). It is of major concern to soybean producers only in Japan and the USA. Soybean was a major crop in the Orient by 1915 but it was grown very little elsewhere. Since that time its cultivation has spread...

Acknowledgements: The authors are grateful to Brian Ratchford and two anonymous referees of the Journal of Retailing for their careful and constructive critiques of an earlier version of the paper. We also acknowledge with gratitude the useful comments provided by participants of the workshop on Channel Productivity at the University of Mons, October 1996 and the UW Research in Marketing Camp, ...

This paper provides an analysis relating economic growth, human capital composition, income distribution and public education policies. In the model human capital is 'lumpy' and only the high skilled carry it. The government chooses capital taxes to nance education, which directly a ects growth, the number of high skilled people and wages. Growth and income equality depend positively on the pro...

Process shift is an important input parameter in the economic design of control charts. Earlier x control chart designs considered constant shifts to occur in the mean of the process for a given assignable cause. This assumption has been criticized by many researchers since it may not be realistic to produce a constant shift whenever an assignable cause occurs. To overcome this difficulty...

The optimal management of distributed generation (DG) enhances the efficiency of the distribution system; On the other hand, increasing the interest of customers in optimizing their consumption improves the performance of DG. This act is called demand side management. In this study, a new method based on the intelligent algorithm is proposed to optimal operate the demand side management in the ...

in this paper we investigate the effects of broadband infrastructure providing high speed internet, on economic growth in developing countries. we have used two different broadband measures to classify developing countries into two groups for the period 1999-2008. by using logistic diffusion model and iv approach, a nonlinear diffusion model is specified. differences in ceiling of diffusion cur...