Environmental conditional cash transfers are popular but their impacts are not well understood. We evaluate land cover and wealth impacts of a federal program that pays landowners for protecting forest. Panel data for program beneficiaries and rejected applicants allows us to control for fixed differences and time trends affecting both groups. We find the program reduces the expected land cover...

The role of agriculture as an instrument for industrialization had been rigorously conceptualized in the 1960s and 1970s under the classical paradigm of development economics. After many implementation failures under import substitution industrialization policies and protracted neglect of agriculture under the policies of the Washington Consensus that followed the debt crisis, agriculture has g...

the purpose of this research is investigation of application of the arbitrage pricing theory and effect of unanticipated changes in a set of macroeconomic variables such as inflation rate, money supply, exchange rate, oil price, term structure and industrial production on expected security return in tehran stock exchange. in this research, data are analyzed quarterly for the period of 1997-2008...

In many developing countries property rights over rural land are maintained through continuous personal use instead of by land titles. We show that removing the link between land use and land rights through the issuance of ownership certificates can result in large-scale adjustments to labor and land allocations. Using the rollout of the Mexican land certification program from 1993 to 2006, we ...

this paper extends endogenous growth models through augmenting it with government budget and oil revenues as well as the effect of public investment efficiency on long run growth of private and government consumption and import for an oil producing economy. based on the extracted model, the optimal growth rate of government current expenditure (or consumption) has a positive relation with the e...

This study investigated the impact of climate change variables viz., rainfall, maximum and minimum temperatures on mean groundnut yields its variability during both Kharif Rabi seasons across different agro-climatic zones in Andhra Pradesh through employing Just Pope production function. For this study, was purposefully chosen because it is one main oilseed crops grown seasons. The results from...

in this article, we have used 36 electricity distribution companies of iran and by using input-oriented dea, we analysis the companies technical efficiency with respect to group frontier and metafrontier following restructuring, then we investigate the factors affecting efficiency. the companies decomposed to two groups in terms of high and low circuit density. for discussing the impact of stru...