It is easy for an expert to express his/her preferences using fuzzy linguistic term such as ‘good’, ‘very good’ in group decision making because of uncertainty existing. The linguistic 2-tuple representation model was selected to represent fuzzy linguistic term. To obtain the objective decision power in a linguistic 2-tuple judgment matrix given by an expert, the paper put forward a new approac...

Discussion of tacit knowledge shows much ambiguity over key aspects of the concept. Rather than turning to further theory, this paper examines how the phrase has been applied in empirical research. Eight different uses of the term are identified, six concerning individual level and two collective level notions. Focusing on individual level notions it is argued that some of these uses involve ex...

Internet users' behaviors are dependent on their ethical dimensions. But ethics are quite relative concepts and they have dimensionality over culture, situation, and personal interests. Due to the various ethical dimensions, conflicts arise at an individual level, collective level, and societal level. In this paper, such ethical dimensions in the information society are discussed in the context...

A product-family is a suite of integrated tools that share a common infrastructure. Program synthesis of individual tools can replicate common code, leading to unnecessarily large executables and longer build times. In this paper, we present remodularization techniques that optimize the synthesis of product-families. We show how tools can be automatically remodularized so that shared files are ...

Although recently a lot of attention has been devoted to IT project portfolio management in theory as well as in practice, research in this area is particularly focused on approaches for project selection. Related tasks and especially the organizational environment in which IT project portfolio management is embedded are often excluded. This paper relates existing findings from the field of IT ...

In this paper, we examine religiosity as one determinant of tax avoidance by corporate and individual taxpayers. Prior research suggests a relation between religiosity and risk aversion. Because aggressive tax avoidance strategies involve significant uncertainty and possible penalties and damage to reputation, we predict that higher levels of religiosity are associated with less aggressive (i.e...

The effects of screen contrast ratio, luminance level, and their interaction on visual lobe shape were examined in this study. The results showed that luminance level showed noticeable effects only on lobe perimeter. Though slightly larger area was noted upon increasing luminance level, none of the other shape parameters were significantly affected. The luminance level and its interaction with ...

It has been generally observed that the credit period has become a major concern for most of retailers, as it not only has direct influence on inventory and finance, but also on the demand of an item. Unfortunately, for deteriorating items, the impact of the credit period on demand has not received much attention in the literature, whereas in reality, the length of the credit period offered by ...

Holocene sea-level reconstructions exist from many locations in the Indo-Pacific region. Despite being a large geographical region, the nature of Holocene sea-level change is broadly similar in all locations. Differences do exist, however, in the timing and magnitude of the Mid-Holocene High Stand (MHHS) and the nature of late Holocene sea level fall across the region. When the Indo-Pacific is ...