This study investigated the effects of variations in sleep pressure on cardiac autonomic activity and body temperature. In a counterbalanced design, 12 healthy, young subjects (6 men and 6 women) remained recumbent during 30 h of wakefulness (high sleep pressure) and 6 h of wakefulness (low sleep pressure). Both periods of wakefulness were immediately followed by a sleep opportunity, and the fi...

Abstract Introduction Narcolepsy type 1 is caused by selective loss of orexinergic neurons, resulting in poor maintenance sleep and wakefulness, emergence cataplexy. Orexinergic neurons innervate many brain regions, specific narcolepsy symptoms likely arise from dysfunction distinct regions. Orexin 2 receptors (OX2R) are expressed nearly all wake- REM sleep-regulatory OX2R agonists improve mous...

1467 Polysomnography and MSLT for Children—Aurora et al 1.0 INTRODUCTION A level 1 comprehensive nocturnal polysomnogram (PSG) is commonly used to evaluate children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). The PSG, however, is also used in evaluations for non-respiratory issues, such as sleep-related movements or behaviors, and is used in conjunction with a multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) for ...

Patients with the sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome (SAHS) have impaired daytime function with demonstrable sleepiness and impaired cognition. The hypothesis that brief arousals from sleep cause these daytime impairments was tested. One hundred and fifty patients with sleep disordered breathing were studied prospectively, comparing overnight polysomnography with daytime measures of objective slee...

The aim of this study was to explore changes in cognitive function, sleep propensity, and sleep-related hormones (growth hormone, cortisol, prolactin, and thyrotropin) and to investigate the factors related to the ability to maintain wakefulness in the daytime after one block of fast forward rotating shift work (2 days, 2 evenings, and 2 nights). Twenty female nurses (mean age: 26.0 ± 2.0 years...

Using extracellular single-unit recordings alone and in combination with neurobiotin juxtacellular labeling and histamine immunohistochemistry, we have identified, for the first time in nonanesthetized, head-restrained mice, histamine neurons in the tuberomammillary nuclei of the posterior hypothalamus. They are all characterized by triphasic broad action potentials. They are active only during...