OBJECTIVE To define a new primitive reflex named the buccopalpebral reflex (BPR), and to investigate this reflex clinically and neurophysiologically in patients with Parkinson disease. METHODS This prospectively designed study included 17 patients, 9 BPR positive patients, and 8 BPR negative patients in Ankara Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey, and was carried out between January...

OBJECTIVE To describe the correlation between the functional dysphagia scale and aspiration pneumonia and which characteristics influence the occurrence of aspiration pneumonia in patients with idiopathic Parkinson disease. METHODS Fifty-three patients with idiopathic Parkinson disease were prospectively evaluated in this study. Disease severity and functional status were measured by modified...

Parkinson`s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer`s disease. It is a chronic and progressive disease, and mostly afflicts elderlies. PD starts with sudden onsets and the exact cause of the disease is still unknown, however there are some early symptoms that can help us to diagnose the disease and ameliorate its effects. PD is a multi-factorial disease...

INTRODUCTION Patients with Parkinson s disease are known to develop motor complications after a few years of therapy. Motor fluctuations and dyskinesias develop with increasing severity of disease, and were formerly thought to be an inevitable consequence of the disease. METHODS Literature review of articles on the aetiopathogenesis of Parkinson s disease, the mechanisms underlying the develo...

Background: Previous studies have shown cycloserine to be neuroprotective in some neurodegenerative disorders. Objectives: To investigate the effect of cycloserine on motor function in Parkinson’s disease in a rat model. Materials and Methods: Fifty-six healthy male wistar rats were used in this study and were divided into seven groups according to receiving saline, low dose (i.e. 100 m...

Objective(s): It is known that treadmill exercise has   beneficial effects on the nervous system. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a role in such effects. This study aimed at investigating effects of intermittent treadmill exercise-induced behavioral, histology, and immunohistochemistry (H&E;, TH) measurement of brain interleukin-10 (IL-10) in a mice m...

  Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative brain disorder which is around 1.5 times more common in men than in women. Currently, drug medications, surgery, and lifestyle changes are common approaches to PD, while all of them focused on reducing the symptoms. Therefore, regenerative medicine based on stem cell (SC) therapies has raised a promising hope. Various types ...

Introduction: Parkinsonchr('39')s disease (PD) presentations comprise frequent movement disorders in the elderly with various symptoms consisting of motor and non-motor complications. Paeonol is a phenolic chemical agent that has shown antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in different disorders and promising effects on metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR)- and GABAA-mediated neurotrans...