The decision for an ant forager to launch recruitment is governed by an internal response threshold. Here, we demonstrate that this threshold (the desired volume) triggering trail-laying increases under starvation. As a consequence, highly starved foragers lay a recruitment trail and bring back to the nest higher quantities of food from large unlimited resources. In contrast, when the volume of...

Notes: Center discussion papers are preliminary materials circulated to stimulate discussion and critical comments.

This work aims at the modeling of bio-sorption of cadmium(II) onto physically and chemically activated Cajanus cajan (Pigeon pea) husks. Experimental data obtained were fitted to a number of isotherm and kinetic models, and the results interpreted. The monolayer Cd(II) bio-sorption capacities of the husk were found to considerably increase by 2.82 times due to chemical activation, for bio-s...

This study investigates the prediction model of compressive strength of self–compacting concrete (SCC) by utilizing soft computing techniques. The techniques consist of adaptive neuro–based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), artificial neural network (ANN) and the hybrid of particle swarm optimization with passive congregation (PSOPC) and ANFIS called PSOPC–ANFIS. Their perf...