INTRODUCTION We and others demonstrated previously that preconditioning with endotoxin (LPS) protected from a subsequent lethal LPS challenge or from renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). LPS is effective in evoking the heat shock response, an ancient and essential cellular defense mechanism, which plays a role in resistance to, and recovery from diseases. Here, by using the pharmacological ...

Recent studies have suggested that the brain preconditioning could induce tolerance to ischemia in humans. It has been believed that newly synthesized proteins are required for the acquisition of delayed tolerance in the brain and spinal cord. However, the mechanism other than the synthesis of neuroprotective proteins may also play a pivotal role. Preconditioning may reprogram the response to i...

INTRODUCTION Ischemic preconditioning enhances ergometer cycling and swimming performance. We evaluated whether ischemic preconditioning of one forearm (four times for 5 min) also affects static breath hold and underwater swimming, whereas the effect of similar preconditioning on ergometer rowing served as control because the warm-up for rowing regularly encompasses intense exercise and therefo...

Ischemic preconditioning is thought to evoke cell survival programs in the heart in large part via the activation of G -protein coupled I receptor signal transduction pathways. However, the identification and characterization of G -protein coupled receptor independent I pathways would enable researchers to pursue novel cellular events that could direct or promote preconditioning. In this regard...

A critical shortage of donors exists for liver transplantation, which non-heart-beating cadaver donors could help ease. This study evaluated ischemic preconditioning to improve graft viability after non-heart-beating liver donation in rats. Ischemic preconditioning was performed by clamping the portal vein and hepatic artery for 10 min followed by unclamping for 5 min. Subsequently, the aorta w...

Stress preconditioning has been documented to confer on gastroprotective effects on stress-induced gastric ulcerations. However, the effects of prior exposure of stress preconditioning episodes on stress-induced behavioral changes have not been explored yet. Therefore the present study was designed to investigate the ameliorative effects of stress preconditioning in immobilization stress-induce...

Abstract Introduction: Occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias and myocardial infarction are two main deleterious events that are caused by ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in the heart. Cardiac preconditioning represents the most potent method of rescuing heart tissue from undergoing irreversible ischemic damage. The aim of the present study was to evaluate oxytocin (OT) cardioprotective effect...

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine Na-Ca exchanger 2, 3 (NCX2, 3) protein level changes during 2, 5, 10, 15 days after induction of normobaric hyperoxia (HO) preconditioning. Materials and Methods: Rats were divided in two experimental groups. The first group was exposed to 95% inspired HO for 4 h/day for 6 consecutive days (HO). The second group acted as control, and was...

In this paper, we compare the effectiveness of three preconditioning strategies in simulations of variably saturated flow. Using Richards’ equation as our model, we solve the nonlinear system using a Newton-Krylov method. Since Krylov solvers can stagnate, resulting in slow convergence, we investigate different strategies of preconditioning the Jacobian system. Our work uses a multigrid method ...

Ischemic preconditioning elicited by a non-fatal brief occlusion of blood flow has been applied for an experimental therapeutic strategy against a subsequent fatal ischemic insult. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of ischemic preconditioning (2-minute transient cerebral ischemia) on calbindin D28k immunoreactivity in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 area following a subseque...