we investigated the distribution of asbestos containing materials(acms) in korea for 15 school buildings built before and after 1990, including elementary schools, middle schools and high schools. in order to perform risk assessments of samples gathered from the buildings, the study used four different rules as the criteria: results from the ahera rule, the hse rule and the astm rule on acms we...

in this article, it has been tried to analyze the mental satisfaction of the quality of life in different regions in terms of objective development. for this purpose, districts no. 3, 6, and 9 of mashhad city which through the measures of education, income, and employment were respectively among the deprived, the average, and the privileged regions were selected as the case study areas. moreove...

Existing automatic building extraction methods are not effective in extracting buildings which are small in size and have transparent roofs. The application of large area threshold prohibits detection of small buildings and the use of ground points in generating the building mask prevents detection of transparent buildings. In addition, the existing methods use numerous parameters to extract bu...

The world has experienced unprecedented urban growth in the last and current centuries. In 1800, only 3% of the world’s population lived in urban areas. It increased to 14 and 47% in 1900 and 2000, respectively. Since 2008, for the first time in history, more than half of the world population lives in the urban areas (Laski and Schellekens, 2007). In year 2003, United Nations estimated that by ...

plan irregularity causes local damages being concentrated in the irregular buildings. progressive collapse is also the collapse of a large portion or whole building due to the local damages in the structure. the effect of irregularity on the progressive collapse potential of the buildings is investigated in this study. this is carried out by progressive collapse evaluation of the asymmetric mid...

This study, to our knowledge, presents the first indoor data for a range of major air pollutants in school buildings in various locations in the State of Kuwait. Indoor air testing was performed within secondary schools over a 7-month period and sampling was conducted on a spot basis during normal school hours. As part of this program, samplers were deployed in student occupied classrooms at 46...