Rainfall runoff models are used to estimate design floods. These models require several inputs such as, rainfall duration, intensity, loss etc. For baseflow separation in design flood estimation the estimation of continuing loss (CL) is vital. The surface runoff has to be separated from the stream flow hydrograph. To obtain the volume of surface runoff, the use of an appropriate baseflow separa...

Estimation of parameters of a hydrologic model is undertaken using a procedure called “calibration” in order to obtain predictions as close as possible to observed values. This study aimed to use the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm for automatic calibration of the HEC-HMS hydrologic model, which includes a library of different event-based models for simulating the rainfall-runoff pr...

To understand how hydrological processes are related across different spatial scales, 201 rainfall runoff events were examined in three nested catchments of the upper river Saalach in the Austrian Alps. The Saalach basin is a nested catchment covering different spatial scales, from the micro-scale (Limberg, 0.07 km2), to the small-catchment scale (Rammern, 15.5 km2), and the meso-scale (Viehhof...

The SCS curve number (SCS-CN) method has gained widespread popularity for simulating rainfall excess in various events due to its simplicity and practicality. However, it possesses inherent structural issues that limit performance accurately infiltration over time. objective of this study was develop a modified CN with temporally varying intensity (MCN-TVR) by combining soil moisture accounting...