background: megavoltage beams used in radiotherapy are contaminated with secondary electrons. different parts of linac head and air above patient act as a source of this contamination. this contamination can increase damage to skin and subcutaneous tissue during radiotherapy.  monte carlo simulation is an accurate method for dose calculation in medical dosimetry and has an important role in opt...

Background & aim:  Self-confidence, as one of the key elements of clinical competence, plays an important role in one’s actions and behaviours. Selection of proper instructional methods influences students’ self-confidence. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of web-based training and educational simulation on midwifery students’ self-confidence in postpartum hemorrhage managemen...

Multidielectric polyethylene is a material that is generally employed as insulation for  the HVDC isolations. In this paper, the influence of temperature on space charge dynamics has been studied, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene (FEP) sandwiched between two electrodes were subjected to voltage application of 5kV (14.3 kV/mm) for extended duration of time ...

This paper is devoted to advanced mutation operators for C# source code. They deal with object-oriented (OO mutations) and other complex features of the code. They require structural information about a code, unlike the standard mutations. Applicability of OO operators in C# is compared with those for other OO languages. Operators for specific features of C# language are also proposed. The deta...

We compute all string tree level correlation functions of vertex operators in c < 1 string theory. This is done by using the ring structure of the theory. In order to study the multicritical behaviour, we calculate the correlation functions after perturbation by physical vertex operators. We show that the (2k − 1, 2) models can be obtained from the (1, 2) model and the minimal models can be obt...

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data simulation of forest canopies is a common method used to study the interaction between and forests. The canopy contains large number small leaves, which require many computing resources calculate their backscattering coefficients affect efficiency SAR data. To improve efficiency, an equivalent scattering matrix model proposed rapidly generate coefficient leav...

this paper presents theoretical and numerical state-of-the-art information in the field of hygro-thermo-mechanical deformation simulation in structural concrete. the aspects discussed include coupled hygro-thermo-mechanical performance of porous materials including concrete, multi-scale simulation of concrete properties especially the volumetric and structural deformation performance, and the m...

Natural gas produced at high pressure (50-70 bar) is the only industrial source of helium (He). A membrane separation process may offer a more efficient production system with smaller footprint and lower operational cost than conventional cryogenic system. Inorganic membranes with high mechanical strength are known to exhibit good stability at high pressure. In this work, two inorganic membrane...