the present study set out (a) to examine the categories of pedagogical knowledge related to the act of teaching of novice and experienced teachers as gleaned from their verbal report of what they were thinking about while teaching and (b) to compare the categories of pedagogical knowledge of novice and experienced teachers. the aim of comparing these two groups of teachers was to see whether di...

Background and Aims: Exercises and consumption of plant-based supplements are essential to prevent and control diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of a four-week home workout plan and pomegranate supplementation on oxidative stress in overweight and obese postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: The present single-blind, quasi-experimental, and practical study was c...

The effects of triple p-positive parenting program in (7 to10 years) children old with "oppositional defiant disorder" (ODD) were investigated in this study. Four primary schools were randomly selected in Nahavand. 24 parents whose children had scores above of the cut-point in oppositional defiant disorder subtest of "Child Behavioral Checklist" (CBCL) and their problems were also confirmed by ...

the purpose of this study was to investigate how english language teachers in mashhad who teach students in the pre-university cycle perceived the impact of the efltee on their teaching. the target population was nearly all pre-university english language teachers in seven districts of mashhad in the scholastic year 2008/2009. a survey questionnaire which consisted of (36) likert type items, wa...

abstract poor reading comprehension can result in failure in using references, benefiting from professional gatherings and resources, keeping up with the growing body of knowledge in the virtual world of the internet, and failing to achieve in efl programs. the purpose of the present quasi-experimental study was to explore the effects of background knowledge and previewing narrative and expos...

most specialists in the field of foreign language teachingconsiderreading skill as an interactive process between the reader’s prior knowledge and the text.accordingly, the activation of prior knowledge for an effective comprehension is very important. it is generally agreed that the pre-reading phase is the stage where this type of interaction and activation may be enhanced throughcertain stra...

the following question poped up: is there any relationship between iranian high school efl learners reading comprehension and listening comprehension? then the following null hypothesis (ho) was developed to the test the above, mentioned question. "there is no relationship between high school efl learners reading comprehension and listening comprehension. for nearly 16 weeks, the experimental g...