Background and Objectives: In the last two decades, the prevalence of neck pain has been increasing and now it is considered the second musculoskeletal disorder after back pain. The general purpose of this research is to compare the effect of a course of posture correction and strength exercises with emphasis on the head and neck position on Pain, weakness of neck muscles and range of motion of...

the present study sought to examine whether a task-based approach could have an impact on raising awareness of collocations. moreover, it sought to investigate the facilitative role of consciousness-raising tasks of collocations in the communicative instances of use. to this end, 68 intermediate learners of english were selected via a placement test. the participants were taught with classroom ...

abstract foreign and iranian cultures are far distinct in the constraints imposed on writing and translating for children, since the iranian literary system is mainly concerned with cultural and religious instructions which lead to manipulation of translated texts. this study sought to identify the cultural and social constraints and norms which determined the strategies applied in the transl...

the present study was an attempt to compare the effect of peer metalinguistic corrective feedback on elementary and intermediate efl learners speaking ability to see which level benefits more from this type of feedback. to this end, 117 female efl learners at grade 3, al-zahra high school in kermanshah, iran were non-randomly chosen. the homogeneity of the participants was attained through a pi...

the purpose of the research is to examine if integrating cooperative learning into vocabulary learning helps to increase word recognition of students in an elementary school in iran. it tries to investigate whether cooperative learning approach enables students to improve their language learning. this research used stad (students team achievement division) as a cooperative model in this study. ...

the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between teachers’ immediacy behaviors and iranian students’ willingness to talk in english classes. analysis of the results from willingness to talk scale represents a relatively high level of willingness to talk in english classrooms among iranian language learners. the total mean score of students’ willingness to talk was 66.3 ou...

Purpose: This quasi-experimental and applied research was conducted in 2019. The statistical population of this study included female patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) who were members of the Iranian MS Association.  Methods: The study subjects were selected among those with a moderate level of disability (between grades 2 & 5). From the statistical population, initially, 60 individuals we...

abstract chickpea is weak in competition of weeds that damages to it at between 40 t0 60 percent. kermanshah province is one of the most important region for chickpea fields in iran. for these reosons, weed management is necessary in this crop. in order to evaluate of herbicides and stubble control on broad leave weeds control in chickpea. experiment was conducted in agricultural research stat...

This study is a quasi-experimental research with aim of evaluation the effect of respiratory exercise in acute respiratory complication and the length of time patient hospitalization undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery in Kermanshah Emam Ali hospital in year 2000 The study subject consisted of 60 patients (42 male and 18 Femal), with age rang between 30-70 years old, who were eligible for...

this research was conducted in two protect and destroy region in the middle zagros, in illam province. in order to identification of ecological species group and evaluate density of regeneration, effect of many factors such as protection, vegetation, physiographic factors, physical and chemical properties of soil in study locations were studied. to achieve these purpose number of 54 plots using...