Abstract. Estimating the risk of forest collapse due to extreme climate events is one challenges adapting change. We adapt a concept from ruin theory, which widely used in econometrics and insurance industry, design growth–ruin model for trees accounts hazards that can jeopardize tree growth. This an elaboration classical Cramer–Lundberg industry. The interactions between physiological paramete...

background. one of the treatment methods for facial fractures is close reduction technique, but treatment with intermaxillary fixation (imf) interferes with normal nutrition, and malnutrition can affect patient’s recovery. anthropometric measurements such as skinfold thickness and body mass index (bmi) are universal indexes for diagnosing malnutrition. so in this study we pointed out how treatm...

Climate change is one of the most important issues affecting different economic sectors. Although this phenomenon has had a larger effect on the agricultural sector due to the heavy dependence of agriculture on weather conditions as compared to the other economic sectors, other economic sectors such as the industry, mining and service sectors are also influenced by weather changes due to their ...

climate is the most important factor which control desertification .in order to detect climate changes in desert zones, time trend analysis is applied to extreme indices in kashan station using extreme climate index software (ecis). results show significant trends in extreme indices during the past decade 1995-2004 and the pronounced warming is associated with a negative trend in cold extremes....