background : following establishment of iranian adverse drug reaction (adr) monitoring  center  in  1997, adr  committees  were  established  in  all  hospitals  of mazandaran province of iran. clinical pharmacists from mazandaran university of medical sciences have been involved with these committees since 2007. the aim of this study was to compare the results of the pharmacovigilance system b...

â  ba ckground the only curative therapy for end-stage liver disease is transplantation but due to a shortage of available donor livers the waiting list mortality is high. this study aimed to evaluate the outcome and characteristics of patients on the waiting list for liver transplantation in shiraz, southern iran during the period from april 2004 to march 2007. methods medical records of all c...

Naturally, deformed rocks commonly contain crack arrays (joints) forming patterns with systematic relationships to the large-scale deformation. Kinematically, joints can be mode-1, -2 or -3 or combinations of these, but there is no overarching theory for the development of the patterns. We develop a model motivated by dislocation pattern formation in metals. The problem is formulated in one dim...

We extend the mechanism for noise-induced phase transitions proposed by Ibañes et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 020601 (2001)] to pattern formation phenomena. In contrast with known mechanisms for pure noise-induced pattern formation, this mechanism is not driven by a short-time instability amplified by collective effects. The phenomenon is analyzed by means of a modulated mean field approximation ...

We analyze pattern formation in doubly resonant intracavity second-harmonic generation in the presence of competing nondegenerate parametric downconversion. We show that for positive cavity detuning of the fundamental frequency the threshold for parametric oscillation is lower than that of transverse, pattern forming instabilities. The parametric oscillation strongly modifies the pattern dynami...

We investigate the impact of cyclic competition on pattern formation in the rock-paper-scissors game. By separately considering random and prepared initial conditions, we observe a critical influence of the competition rate p on the stability of spiral waves and on the emergence of biodiversity. In particular, while increasing values of p promote biodiversity, they may act detrimentally on spat...