introduction precipitation is one of the most important meteorological variables in comparison with other climatic parameters. it varies extremely over time and space. the occurrence of this climate phenomenon requires specific circumstances in environment. its accurate measurement is important to a wide range of decision makers including hydrologists, agriculturalists, industrialists and etc. ...

introduction long-term annual extreme climate events, especially temperature and precipitation, have generally been used as indicators for the assessment of climate change. one of the most changeable climatic variables in time and space is precipitation. there are great number of research papers focusing on extreme precipitation on global, regional and national scales have been written. the res...

A readers guide to recent applied mathematics development in multi-scale modeling in the tropics is provided here including the mathematical theory of precipitation fronts as well as singular limits with variable coefficients in the fast vari-

Titanium and iron concentration data from the anoxic Cariaco Basin, off the Venezuelan coast, can be used to infer variations in the hydrological cycle over northern South America during the past 14,000 years with subdecadal resolution. Following a dry Younger Dryas, a period of increased precipitation and riverine discharge occurred during the Holocene "thermal maximum." Since approximately 54...

A 56-year time series of human plague cases (Yersinia pestis) in the western United States was used to explore the effects of climatic patterns on plague levels. We found that the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), together with previous plague levels and above-normal temperatures, explained much of the plague variability. We propose that the PDO's impact on plague is conveyed via its effect on...