AIMS To assess the impact of plain packaging on visual attention towards health warning information on cigarette packs. DESIGN Mixed-model experimental design, comprising smoking status as a between-subjects factor, and package type (branded versus plain) as a within-subjects factor. SETTING University laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Convenience sample of young adults, comprising non-smokers (n ...

In a double-blind study, 0.5% bupivacaine 3 ml in plain (n = 10) or hyperbaric (n = 10) solution was injected intrathecally to 20 patients who were in the sitting position, to produce spinal anaesthesia for transurethral resection of prostate. No statistically significant differences were found in time to maximum cephalad spread of analgesia nor in the level reached. However, the plain solution...

Interobserver reliability of the AO system of classification of fractures of the distal radius was assessed using plain radiographs and CT. Five observers classified 30 Colles'-type fractures using only plain radiographs; two months later they were reclassified using CT in addition. Interobserver reliability was poor in both series when detailed classification was used. By reducing the categori...

Background: While plain radiography is commonly used to assess scaphoid fracture, this imaging modality may not accurately demonstrate early bone healing. This investigation evaluates the utility of 64-slice CT in the detection of early fracture healing compared to plain radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: Outpatients attending follow-up visits for scaphoid fractures at H...

Introduction: One of the priorities of nursing education is to provide solutions to nurses’ questions so that they can remain in their career and render professional services. Committed nurses work harder to improve their careers. Professional status can boost nurses’ confidence. Objective: To determine the relationship between professional status and professional commitment in nurses working ...

Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) as a strategic and highly valuable medicinal plant in Iran with numerous beneficial pharmaceutical properties contributes substantially to Iranian herbs exports. In the present study, a variation on the phytochemical and antioxidant activity of 25 populations of valuable and profitable medicinal plant of G. glabra was investigated. The climate variables and soil...