Post-modern research has shifted attention in language policy and planning from central decision-making to lower-scale agency. However, there is a paucity of studies assessing the nature quality papers about agency ecology. Considering Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analysis, this study examines how scholars approached agentive roles local arbiters. All published across t...

Papua New Guinea (PNG) tops the list of nations in the world in the 1) number of languages with over 800 (Grimes 2000), 2) in language diversity in terms of linguistic groups, and 3) in the number of languages used in basic education. In 1980 a basic vernacular education movement started with two languages under the policy of the North Solomons Provincial government. That movement has grown unt...

forest and colleagues have persuasively made the case that policy capacity is a fundamental prerequisite to health reform. they offer a comprehensive life-cycle definition of policy capacity and stress that it involves much more than problem identification and option development. i would like to offer a canadian perspective. if we define health reform as re-orienting the health system from acut...

1. introduction language teachers frequently observe a gap between their students' potential competence and their performance in the class. anderson (1993) attributes this to the fact that human has a limited processing capacity and is not able to attend to various aspects of a task simultaneously. this limitation causes l2 learners not to be able to focus on both meaning and form at the same t...