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this article deals with budgets social of and health cares and social security during the last two decades and brings their its influence on social welfare into consideration. the author lays emphasis on an increasing growth in social expenditures after the islamic revolution of iran. the author continues discussing credibility ratio from gdp and sets up a series of analyses, and comes to this ...

background: oral white and red lesions are usually assumed as premalignant lesions. epidemiological characteristics of these lesions seem to be important. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of the oral red and white lesions in patients referred to oral and maxillofacial pathology department in isfahan school of dentistry during last two decades. methods: in this descriptive s...

Study of volatility has been considered by the academics and decision makers dur-ing two last decades. First since the volatility has been a risk criterion it has been used by many decision makers and activists in capital market. Over the years it has been of more importance because of the effect of volatility on economy and capital markets stability for stocks, bonds, and foreign exchange mark...

Residential segregation has been one of the more frequently studied and controversial research and policy issues for urban researchers and policy makers during the last few decades. residential segregation refers to the concentration or uneven distribution of residents from different socio-economic or racial/ ethnic backgrounds across a city or region. Although research on residential segregati...

Increased competition during the last two decades forces organizers of financial exchanges to reconsider the optimality of their design. One feature of an exchange is the tick rule it employs. During the last decade, reduction in tick size has been a common practice. This study examines an emerging market that represents a polar case because of its apparently large tick size relative to stock p...

During the last several decades, numerous researchers have provided evidence that physical and biogeochemical processes at air-snow/ice-water interfaces are very complex, and, in many cases, interlinked.

The main goal of this research is to identify the effective factors on tax evasion by fuzzy DEMATEL-method in Iran. At the present time tax evasion is one of the economic problems in developing countries. Our country has had in this problem for several decades. In this paper, we attempted to determine effective factors in tax evasion, and the relational structure of these factors is examined by...